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当前的分析可能仍然存在许多不足之处。首先,β受体阻断剂的使用可能会产生选择性偏倚,这可能对心率与结局之间的关系产生影响。其次,由于研究人群来自于一项随机试验,所以这可能会限制本研究结果有效性的外推。然 而,纳入的患者数量与筛查数量之间较大的比率提示,研究中受试人群是常规临床实践中所见到的冠心病患者以及左室功能受损的广泛代表。而且,试验设计允许对终点进行独立判定,其中包括一个心率数据收集的标准方法,从而确保了患者所接受治疗的水平,尤其是高频次 β受体阻断剂的使用。本研究结果不必要外推至不伴有左室功能受损的冠心病患者或非缺血原因所致心力衰竭患者当中。尽管本研究有力地证实了心率大于或小于70次/min与心血管结局之间关系,但更精细的心率分类所产生的相互关联并不可靠,尤其对于冠状动脉事件而言尤为如此,因为冠状动脉事件可以在大约一半以上以心力衰竭住院的患者中发生。
在该项前瞻性研究中,增快的心率是冠心病与左室功能受损患者的一项强有力的独立危险因素。该研究是在患者人群接受高水平治疗背景下进行的观察研究,其中包括β受体阻断剂的使用。心率应该被认为是患者人群的一项预后标志,而且可以指导医疗水平的优化。
Lancet 2008; 372: 817–21
(罗 亮 译)
Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK (Prof K Fox MD); Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (Prof I Ford PhD, M Robertson BSc); Inserm U698, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, University Paris 7, Paris, France (Prof P G Steg MD); Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland (Prof M Tendera MD); S Maugeri Foundation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy (Prof R Ferrari MD)
Correspondence to: Prof Kim Fox, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK (e-mail: k.fox@rbht.nhs.uk)
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(责任编辑 胡玉平)